TEST REVIEW

Chapter 8: Investigation and Arrest

Format

Multiple Choice (15pts)

Fill-in-the-Blanks (10pts)

Matching (5pts)

Short Answer Questions (15pts)

Case Studies x 2 (5pts each)

·        Know all definitions from each of the four sections

·        Review all questions and answers that were given for each of the four sections.

Section 1: Levels of Police in Canada

·        What are the four levels of police? For where are they responsible?

·        With what type of responsibilities are each level of police force tasked? Ie: RCMP are responsible for federal policing, criminal intelligence, and customs and excise; while Provincial police are responsible for traffic control, investigative services; Municipal police are responsible for investigative services in respective cities, enforcing by-laws, and executing warrants (once again within city).

·        NOTE: generally, police force responsibilities are all very similar, its just a question of jurisdiction

·        What are the only three provinces that have their own Provincial Police force?

Section 2: Starting a Police Investigation

·        What is the difference between a centre and a perimeter?  What does contamination mean?

·        What are the 3 reasons for preserving a crime scene? 1)allow for a thorough search; 2) to seize and collect physical evidence; 3)ensure that evidence is admissible in court

·        What is a police log and why is it kept?

·        What are the four types of officers at a crime scene?  Be able to briefly describe their role or function at a crime scene.

Section 3: Identifying and Collecting Physical Evidence

·        Be able to differentiate (tell the difference) between class characteristics and individual characteristics.  You could focus on examples like tires or footprints.

·        What kind of information can be gathered from footprints at a crime scene?

·        Fingerprints: What are the three different ways to ‘lift’ latent prints?

·        Know the definitions of physical evidence and forensic science.

·        What is the most common body substance found at a crime scene? Its blood.  What other body elements may be found? How do we test them?  Police need what to compel (force) you to provice a blood/urine/breath sample? = a warrant.  When is a warrant NOT needed to get one of these samples?

·        DNA.  DNA differs for every human with what exception?

·        Differentiate between a chain of custody and labelling evidence.  Why do we have a chain of custody?  What type of information appears on an evidence label?

Section 4: Arrest and Detention

·        Can a police officer force someone to answer questions?  Why not?  What protects a suspect or individual?

·        Through what document are an individual’s rights guaranteed.

·        What is the four stage approach to interrogating a suspect? (see p.202) Be able to give examples of open-ended and close-ended questions in an interrogation.

·        What is the procedure for arresting an individual?  Be prepared to list the four steps.

·        Are you require to question someone before arresting them?

·        What is the difference between an arrest and a detention?  What is the purpose of a detention?  In order to arrest, police must have what? = reasonable grounds.  What is the meaning of reasonable grounds?

·        What are the three methods for apprehending an offender?  1)an appearance notice, 2)arrest with a warrant, 3)arrest without a warrant.  Be prepared to explain how each of the three work.  When can police arrest without a warrant?  What is an information?  To whom is it given?

·        What is a summons?  Under what circumstances is it usually issued?

·        Explain the procedure for a citizen’s arrest.  Why are they rarely done?

·        Search Warrant = what are they? when are they needed? Is there ever circumstances they are not needed?  Explain if so.

Section 5: Pre-Trial Release

·        Know the three ways that somebody may be released pre-trail: 1)promise to appear; 2)recognizance; and 3)surety.  Be able to explain any or all.

·        What is reverse onus in reference to bail?  Under what four circumstances is it applicable?